Centre For Extra Mural Studies

SYLLABUS

 

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

(Joint Collaboration with Nehru Planetarium, Mumbai)

Language : English

Duration : 10 Months

Time : 10 AM to 1 PM On Sundays only

Tution Fee : 7500/- (Visit fee Extra)

Venue :Nehru Planetarium, Mumbai

Next Batch : July, 2023

SYLLABUS:

1. Introduction

• Fascination of Astronomy
• Important branches of Astronomy
• astronomy Observational Astronomy : Catalogues and Star charts and instrumentation
• astronomy The astronomical Zoo : Solar system, Stars and star clusters, Molecular Cloud Compleses, Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies, intergalactic medium.
• astronomy Windows to the Universe : Radio Astronomy, Infrared, Optical, Ultraviolet, and X-ray and Gamma Ray Astronomy, cosmic rays, rays.

2. Historical Perspectives

• astrophysics A. Brief History of Astronomy
• astrophysics Western Astronomy-Copernicus, Tycho Brahe, Kepler, Galileo, Newton, Einstein, Hubble, ……
• astrophysics B. Space Probes: Apollo Series, Moon Landing, Pioneer, Mariner, Voyager Series, Modern Space probes, Magelan, Galileo, Space Telescopes-IRAS, Hubble, GRO, ASCA ……

3. Basic Mathematics

• astronomy Spherical Trigonometry formulae.
• astrophysics Spherical Trigonometry formulae.

4. Basic Physics

4.1 Physical concepts

• astronomy Density, Pressure, Atmospheric pressure.
• astrophysics Temperature and Temperature Scales, Black Body Radiation.
• astronomy Velocity, Acceleration, Force; Momentum; Acceleration due to gravity.

4.2 Dynamical calculations.

Orbital Velocity and Escape Velocity, Newton’s laws of motion, Newton’s law of gravitation, gravitational acceleration of planets; Escape velocity of planets; orbital velocity of planets; Proof of eliptical orbits, Doppler effect.

4.3 Kepler’s Laws and Orbits Elliptical Motion, Eccentricity, Perihelion, Aphelion, Foci, Velocity at Perihelion, Velocity at Aphelion, Velocity at any point, Orbit parameters (a, b), calculating orbit of a comet.

5. Advanced Physics Electromagnetic Radiation; Electromagnetic Spectrum; Wave length; Frequency; Speed of light, Visible spectrum; Invisible spectrum; Absorption/emission spectrum.. Foundations of relativity.
6. Observational Techniques
7. Astronomical Measurements: Astronomical Unit; Light Year; Parsec; Parallax., Distance to Stars from the parallax and other methods.
8. Magnitude scales : Apparent Magnitude; Absolute Magnitude; Bolometric Magnitude Distance of star from magnitude.
9. Optics : Magnification., lenses and Mirrors; Baclow lens; Eyepieces, Binoculars; Telescopes: Refracting; Reflecting; Casegrian.
10. Time in Astronomy : Types of Year; Tropical Sidereal; Andmalistic; Types of Lunar month; Sidereal; Synodic; Drocenic; Nedical; Sidereal Time; GST; LST; Mean time; Time Zones; IST; LT; Universal Time; Ephemeries Time; Julian date; Calendars; Julian; Gregorian.
11. Calculation : Calculations of travel time of planets; Julian day number calculations; Calculation GST and LST.
12. Celestial Coordinate Systems and Celestial Circles : Equator; Ecliptic; Meridian; Six O clock circle; Celestial Points : Equinoxes and Solstices; Poles (Ecliptic and Equatorial); Precession of Earth’s Axis; Celestial Coordinates; Alt/Azimuth; RA/Declination; Longitude/Latitude; Conversion of Coordinates.
13. Astronomy from Indian Almanac

• astrophysics 27 Constellations and 12 signs of zodiac
• astrophysics Niryaan and Sayan positions of planets.
• astrophysics Elongation and visibility of planets
• astrophysics Tithi and Nakashtra (meaning), use of Tithi
• astrophysicsSampatik Kaal (meaning)
• astrophysics Calculations : Elongation of planets and their visibility Elongation chart.

8. Laboratory Astronomy

• Observations of elemental spectra and their correlation to Astronomy, absorption and emission features, Dopler Shift, Hubble’s Law and expanding universe, Black body ration and temperatures, types variabilities (binary, pulsations etc.) HR diagram.
• Size and Distance Scales
• Scales on powers of 10, structure differences on size scale, boundaries of dimensions, determination of distance and standard candies.

9. Solar System

• Astronomical bodies : Sun, planets and satellites. Gravitational fields Origin of solar system.
• Shadows and crescents eclipses; Solar Eclipses : Partial, Total, Annular; Lunar Eclipse : Partial, Total, Annular; Eclipse Year; Nodes; Saros and Metonic Cycle.

10. Minor Bodies in the Solar System Meteorites, Asteroids, Comets, and their orbits, composition and sizes and masses, Oort’s Cloud and Kuiper Belt, inflow rate.
11. Clustering in Space Size scale of the Universe, planets around stars, stellar clusters, Galaxies, Galactic structures.
12. Exotic Objects in the Universe Evolution of stars, brown dwarfs, white dwarfs, neutron stars, black holes, pulsars, quasars and X-ray sources.
13. Quiet Universe Emission in stars, equilibrium conditions in astrophysical objects and structures, dynamic equilibria and importance of rotation and magnetic fields.
14. Violent Universe Flares on the sun and stars, accretion instabilities, supernovae type I and II, and Active Galactic Nuclei, Galaxy mergers and the Big Bang.
15. Universe at Different Wavelength High & Low Energies

Radio universe, synchrotron emission and jets in stars and galaxies, winds and protostellar and protogalactic matter, protostellar clouds, Infrared Universe and star forming region-atmospheres and halos of stars, Optical Universe and stars and their interactions, velocity distributions and large scale structures. Ultraviolet astronomy-clouds and absorption High energy phenomena in stars production of X rays and Gamma rays, Atmosphere of stars, magnetospheres of pulsars, inner structures of quasars.

16. Invisible Universe

Dark matter in the universe, Halos of Galaxies, neutrinos.

17. Einstein’s Universe The Big bang and cosmology, expanding universe and evidences for Big Bang, Gravitational redshift and time dilation.
18. Outstanding Problems in Astronomy

• Unresolved problems in Astronomy and Astrophysics.
• Projects and Experiments
• astronomy Plot of Comets path.
• astronomy Plot of and Sun throughout the year
• astronomy T2 and R3 plot: Keplers 3rd law proof.
• astronomy Sundial construction : Equatorial and Horizontal.
• astronomy Plotting, retrograde motion on sky chart.
• astronomy Model of comet’s path.
• astronomy Path of comet on sky chart.
• astronomy Plotting constellations.
• astronomy North-South line from shadow of a stick, determination of latitude and longitude from shadow.
• astronomy Plotting Sunset/moon rise.
• astronomy Sun-Spot observation.

PHASES OF ECLIPSE

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रोपवाटिका आणि उद्यानकला प्रमाणपत्र अभ्यासक्रम

कालावधी : ६ महिने

वेळ : शनि, रवि २ – ५

शि़क्षण शुल्क : रु.१२000/-

विषयसूची

उद्यानशास्त्राची व्याख्या, निरनिराळे प्रकार आणि महत्व

जागेची निवड, मातीचे प्रकार-मातीत सुधारणा करणे

पाणी, पाण्याची आवश्यकता, पाणी देण्याची पध्दती-परंपरागत आणि आधुनिक ( प्रात्यक्षिकासह )

बागेची मशागत, त्यास लागणारी अवजारे (प्रात्यक्षिकासह)

सेंद्रिय व रासायनिक खते, त्यांची आवश्यकता . परिणाम, प्रमाण

खते देण्याच्या पध्दती, शेणखत, कम्पोस्ट, हिरवळीची खते, हाडाचा चुरा, मासळीचे खत, पेंड वगैरे.

रोपे तयार करण्याच्या पध्दती- बियांपासून पुनरुत्पादन

रोपे तयार करण्याच्या पध्दती : फांद्यांपासून वगैरे, कलम बांधणे, डोळे भरणे, घाट तयार करणे, भेट कलम, दाब कलम, गुटी बांधणे, इतर वनस्पती प्रजोत्पादन (प्रात्यक्षिकासह)

वनस्पतींवरील निरनिराळे रोग, बुरशी, उपाय व नियंत्रण, बुरशीनाशके यांचा वापर (प्रात्यक्षिकासह)

वनस्पतीवर येणारी कीड: कीटक उपाय व नियंत्रणे, कीटकनाशके (प्रात्यक्षिकासह)

रोपवाटिका व्यवस्थापन : आर्थिक नियोजन, देखरेख

भारतीय उद्यानशास्त्राचा इतिहास, विविध शैली

गच्चीवरील शेती

बॉनसाय, खुजी झाडे (प्रात्यक्षिकासह)

तरंगती झाडे : हँगिंग बास्केट्स (प्रात्यक्षिकासह)

कुंड्यातील झाडे: कुंड्या भरणे, झाडे बदलणे (प्रात्यक्षिकासह)

घरातील झाडे

शैल उद्यान (रॉक गार्डन); निवडुंगाच्या विविध जाती

परसातीला बाग

हरित घर-पॉली हाऊस, ग्रीन हाऊस, कॉन्झर्वेटरी इ.

जलोद्यान, हिरवळ : फुलझाडांचे ताटवे, मोसमी फुले बहुवार्षिय कंद

गुलाबाची लागवड (प्रात्यक्षिकासह)

फुलांचे उत्पादन आणि व्यापार आर्थिक नियोजन

बागेतील रस्ते : रस्त्याच्या कडेला आणि बागेत लावण्याचे वॄक्ष, त्यांची विशेषता, लता, वेली, झुडपे

महत्वाच्या फळझाडांची लागवड व इतर सविस्तर माहिती : आंबा, चिकू, केळी, नारळ, फणस, संत्री, लिंबू, पेरू, डाळिंब, पपई, द्राक्ष आणि इतर

सर्वसामान्य महत्वाच्या भाज्या लागवड व इतर सविस्तर माहिती: फलभाज्या, पालेभाज्या, शेंगभाज्या, कंदभाज्या व इतर

मसाल्याचे पदार्थ देणारी झाडे: काळी मिरी, लवंग, दालचिनी, वेलची, जायफळ, तेजपत्ता, ह्ळद, लसूण.

गच्चीवरील शेती

औषधोपयोगी वनस्पती: सुगंधी वनस्पती

गांडुळ शेती

आंबरी किंवा ऑर्किड्स

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LANDSCAPE DESIGNING AND MAINTENANCE

Language : English

Duration : 4 Months

On Saturday only

Time : Sat 2 PM to 5 PM

Fees :12000/-

Eligibility : B.Sc Horticulture or Nursery and Gardening Course

Index

Principles of Landscaping

landscape designing Plants, We and Environment. Effect of soil, climate etc.

Historical perspectives od Gardening

Styles of Garden design

Hard Landscaping – Role, Form, & Function as elements of design. The construction of paths, paving, fountains, water bodies and garden structure.

Reading Garden Plan

Soft Landscaping – Understanding practical, horticulture. Planning horticultural operations , execution of landscape plans.

Landscape designing – construction, planting, lighting and furniture

Preparing Garden Plan, Methods for pricing, proposed design and maintenance.

Utility of Landscape – Landscaping public places – offices, parking, industries, hostels, societies, educational institutions, bunglows, hospitals, public amenities,

Selection and use of plants for specific purposes.

Terrace Gardens – In hotels, corporate offices, waterproofing, drainage, load, design, suitable plants. Terrace gardens for Homes and Societies

Water and Irrigation Systems. Modern methods, Rainwater Harvesting, Recycling of water. Plants with low water requirement

Maintenance of Landscape Garden. Care & maintenance of lawns,

Maintenance of Shrubs & Trees, Seasonal plants, Potted palnts, Indoor & Outdoor. How to use pesticides, fungicides, weedicides.

Pruning – Use of tools & equipments.

Urban Forestry – Introduction, Importance and need of Urban forestry, Conservation of environment, Includes roadside planting, Traffic Island, Public & Private parks, Reserved areas (sacred groves)

Transplanting of big trees

Flora & Fauna of city (particular area), Birds & Butterflies, Role of community in conservation of our environment and trees, Trees with Historical/Religious importance, Participation of children & senior citizens, Effects of construction activities on tree growth & how to protect them, Indigenous Vs Exotic species, Plants suitable for urban areas (Trees & Shrubs), Role of NGOs, Local organisations, Govt. & Industries

Assignments :

1. a) Start your own home composting and use it,
   b) Prepare a landscape design of either a residential plot or small industrial plot or public garden or terrace garden, c) Prepare annual maintenance schedule for a public park,
   d) Make an inventory of Trees & Shrubs observed in your visit. landscape designing

Visits : Reliance Garden, Hanging Garden, Private Garden, Hornimal Circle

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Certificate Course in Geology

***Admission Open Now***

Medium: English

Next Batch : September 2023

On Sundays Only

Fee: Rs.6000/-

Time: 2 PM to 5 PM

Venue: Health Centre Bldg., 2nd Floor, Vidyanagari, Mumbai – 400 098.

Syllabus

Evolution of Earth – Tectonic aspects of India
Solar system. Age of the earth. Evolution of atmosphere. First forms of life & their role in generating oxygen.
Forms of rocks on earth. Fractionation of earth Pres. Structure of earth, volcanism, earthquakes, meteoritic
impact craters Interior of Earth

Minerals – Rock forming minerals – Ore – Industrial – Gemstones
Definition of Minerals, metamorphic minerals
Atomic minerals, physical properties,
natural mineral wealth of India/Maharashtra
A Synthetic enhancement

Rocks – Types / Rock cycle – crystallography

Soil – Types of Soil / Formation of
Soil / Soil Conservation Stratigraphy – Principles of Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy of India

Paleontology – Modes of preservation of fossils
Uses of fossils (fuels)
Important Indian occurrences

Geomorphology – Landforms in Maharashtra
Sahyadri, rivers basins, coastal, creeks

Geo diversity / Geo parks
Definition,
Examples – Indian – World, Gilbert hill, Pali

Structural Geology & tectonics – folds mountains
Definition of faults,
What are joints, columnar joints
Definition & types of unconformity.
Dykes, Elephanta, Aksa

Ground water – Underground Reservoirs, aquifers & types
Definition of porosity & permeability, conservation of Ground water,
Coastal Aquifers

Environmental Hazards related to Geology, fluorites, Agates, silicosis, Asbestosis, Uses of minerals in medicines

Reading Toposheets

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Theatre Nexus

***Admission Open Now***

Medium: Marathi and Hindi

Next Batch : September 2023

On Saturday and Sundays Only

Fee: Rs.10,000/- + (Production cost extra)

Time: 4 PM to 7 PM

Venue: Health Centre Bldg., 2nd Floor, Vidyanagari, Mumbai – 400 098.

Description:
An introduction to theatre as an art form, emphasizing the interrelated processes of playwriting, acting, directing, design, technical theatre and theatre management. Students will study theatre from a variety of perspectives through lectures, reading scripts, and hands-on experiences.

Professional Actors and Training:
Movement, Voice, Speech and Emotion, Acting techniques and Improvisation.
Characterization. Creating a character profile. Auditioning Process.
Method Exercises, Lecture, Discussion, Individual Projects, Readings and Performances
Assignment: Performing a monologue.
Facilitators:- Vipul Mahagaonkar, Rohit Khude and Bipin Kamble

Note: Established actors shall be there to have conversations and gude the participants on the practical approach towards theatre, film and television industry.

Play Direction:
Introduction to the art and craft of directing with specific consideration of the major elements of director’s work: play analysis, stage composition, visualization and blocking, rehearsal techniques, and the nature of collaboration.
Facilitator:- Vipul Mahagaonkar, Rohit Khude and Bipin Kamble

Writing:
Introduction to Playwriting: Theatre today. Getting ideas. Finding your own way.
Character: The cast—protagonist, antagonist, the others. Creating characters. Objectives.
Structure/Plot: Finding the spine of the story. The drive of characters. Mapping out the events. Beginning/middle/end. Turning points and climax.
Dialogue: Dialogue’s illusion of reality. Compression. Characterization through dialogue. Subtext.
Scene: Scene defined. Amount and length of scenes.
Setting/Pacing: Establishing time and place. How much time and space to cover.
Facilitators :- Vipul Mahagaonkar, Rohit Khude and Bipin Kamble

Set Design:
It is designed for the student who is beginning the study of theatrical lighting design and provides an opportunity for the student to explore the process of lighting design with an emphasis on the development and communication of the visual idea. Integral to this process is the study and observation of light itself, both in nature and in the theatre. In addition, script analysis, visual research, concepts and visual communication are elements that will be covered.
Facilitator :- Sachin Gaonkar

Lighting Design:
This covers techniques of designing lighting for various stage forms, creative planning and projection of designs for specific productions. Covered are the fundamentals of learning how to see, exploring the mind’s eye, and painting with light. Translating theatrical moments and music into lighting sketches, and atmospheres, transitions from one atmosphere to another, and developing points of view and approaches are also studied.
Facilitator :- Shyam Chavan

Theatre Production:
It is a practical course that produces a selected dramatic work as a result of collective class involvement in casting, set design and construction, lighting, costuming, makeup, promotion, rehearsal, stage management, and performance. The course will include lectures, class discussions, assignments and exercises in the various theatre crafts.
Facilitators:- Vipul Mahagaonkar, Rohit Khude and Bipin Kamble

Requirements:
You must participate actively and willingly in all class activities and discussions.
Thorough preparation of individual and group assignments outside of class.
Thorough reading of assigned scenes and plays.

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ARCHAEOLOGY

***Admission Open Now***

Language : English

Duration : 1 Year

On Sundays only

Time : 10 AM to 1 PM

Fees :10000/-

Next Batch: September 2023

Archaeology is increasingly becoming a profession all over the world. Its scope has expanded from making sensational discoveries once in a while. Archaeological studies or inputs from archaeologists are now considered important in issues such as environmental conservation, urban societies, town planning etc. Many archaeologists now work for government or private environment monitoring companies or similar organizations. People have developed a concern to preserve the human cultural and biological heritage for future generations. In India, in Maharashtra there is ample opportunity for such studies and their application.

The Centre for Extra-Mural Studies has designed a Certificate Course in Archaeology which will be taught on Sundays only. It will be conducted with active support from Deccan College, Pune (Deemed University) and other eminent archaeologists.

The Centre for Extra-Mural Studies has designed a Certificate Course in Archaeology which will be taught on Sundays only. It will be conducted with active support from Deccan College, Pune (deemed University) which is very essential for practical sessions on excavation sites.

SYLLABUS:

Introduction to Archaeology- Definition. Theories and Basic Historiography

Chronology

Historiography of Indian Archaeology

Exploration and Excavation Methods and Techniques

Dating Methods

World Prehistory

Palaeontology

Indian Prehistory

Indian Protohistory – The Harappans, Chalcolithic Cultures and the Megalithic

Early Historic India- Early Iron Age, Ancient India (6th c BC onwards)

Early Medieval India

Sciences in Archaeology – Palaeobotany, Archaeozoology, Palaeoanthropology, Archaeochemistry, Geoarchaeology and Sedimentology

Legislative Provisions

Conservation

Field visits and Practicals

Exploration

Trip to Deccan College

Ceramic Workshop

Field trip to Osmanabad and Latur (5days) (COMPULSORY)

Archaeology Day Celebrations

Archaeology of Maharashtra (2nd Annual Conference)

Museum Visit

Excavation camp (CEMS & INSTUCEN Chandore Excavations) (COMPULSORY)

Internal Assessment: Annual Examination (100 Marks)

Field Visit and Excavation Visit Reports: Word limit 600 words each

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ANCIENT INDIAN ARTS & SCIENCE

Language : English

Duration :1 Year

On Sundays only

Time : 2 PM to 5 PM

Fees :10000/-

Commencing from September 2023

Ancient Indian Arts and Science is a subject which now attracts not only students of history, but also people from various walks of life. From artists, designers, architects to journalists, writers and scientists.

Those who could not take Ancient Indian Culture as their subject of study for graduation, still crave for knowledge of Ancient India and join various courses about Indian mythology, Vedas, Yoga etc. We offer special course in Ancient Indian Arts and Sciences to such people.

We want to attract people who for some reason were alienated from Indian Culture along with students persueing other disciplines or careers. Visits to Museums and other culturally important sites will make this course very attractive.

SYLLABUS:

SECTION I (Ancient Indian Arts)

Module I

Stupas and Monasteries : Rock-cut and Structural.

Temples:
Structural: 4 Schools or modes of towers / wooden temple / Jain Temples

Rock-cut:
Buddhist Chaityagriha / Brahmanical Temples / Jain Tamples.

Secular
Defence Architecture : Forts: Deogiri, Bhameri, Arthashastra. Water Structures: Pushkarani, Vapi, Gomukha, etc. Town planning: Dholavira, Taxila and Vijayanagara. Samaranganasutradhara and Arthashastra Industrial

Structures
Kuntasi

Module II

Sculptures:
Terracotta
Metal sculptures
Stone

Module III

Paintings
Rock-cut Paintings
Paintings on Pottery
Murals

Module IV

craft
Everyday Art craft
Jewelry craft
Textile craft
Woodcraft craft
Pottery

SECTION II (Ancient Indian Sciences)

Topics
indian sciences Astronomy
indian sciences Ayurveda
indian sciences Mathematics
indian sciences Rasavidya
indian sciences Krushividya

Field Visits
Nasik : Sinnar, Pandavalena, Chambharalena, Anjaneri.
Aurangabad : Ajanta, Ellora, Aurangabad, Lonad.Kanheri.

Museum Visits

Mumbai : Chhatrapati Shivaji Vastusangrahalaya, Bhau Daji Lad Museum.

Pune : Raja Kelkar Museum, Mahatma Phule Museum.

 

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Certificate Course in Numismatics

***Admission Open Now***

Medium: English

Next Batch : September 2023

On Sundays Only

Fee: Rs.6000/-

Time: 10.30 AM to 1.30 PM

Venue: Health Centre Bldg., 2nd Floor, Vidyanagari, Mumbai – 400 098.

Syllabus

• Introduction [The Beginnings of Money (India and Elsewhere)]
• Chronology, Chronometry of Money and Calendrical Sysytems
• Punch Marked Coins
• Brahmi Script
• Cast Copper Coins
• Tribal Coins
• Greek Script
• Kharoshthi Script
• Greek, Perseo Greek, Bactrian Greek, Indo Greek, Indo Scythian, Indo Parthian Coins
• Kushan, Late Kushan Coins
• Kshatrapa Coins
• Pre Satavahana, Satavahana and allied Coinages
• Early South and Central Indian Coins
• Gupta Coins
• Post Gupta (Including Gadhaiyya) Coins
• Early Medieval South Indian Coinage (inclusive of Sri Lanka)
• Arabic and Persian Scripts
• Amirs of Sindh and Early Islamic Coinage in South Asia
• Early Medieval Coins of India (Islamic – Slave Dynasty/Khilji/Tughlaq/Sayyid)
• Bahmanis and other Regional Sultanates
• Mughals and Suris
• Marathas, Late Mughals and Post Mughal
• Portuguese, Dutch, Danish and French coins in South Asia
• Coins of the East India Company (with 3 Presidencies)
• The Coins and Notes of British India (post 1858)
• Coins of the Princely States
• Monetary Systems in Independent India and its Neighbours 1
• Monetary Sysytems in Independent India and its Neighbours 2 (including Banknotes, Hundis and other intruments)
• Visit to the RBI Monetary Museum and CSMVS Laxmi Gallery
• Coins as Objects of Art
• Religion through Numismatics
• Trade and Economy 1
• Trade and Economy 2
• Literary Sources
• Historiography of Numismatics
• Conservation and Documentation (including Photography) with Practicals
• Collectors and Auctions
• Numismatic Critical Editing/Single Coin Specie
• Visit to an Auction and/or Coin Fair

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Certificate Course in Forts and Fortification

***Admission Open Now***

Medium:EnglishNext Batch : September 2023

On Saturday Only

Fee:6000/-

Time: 4.00 PM to 7.00 PM

Venue: Health Centre Bldg., 2nd Floor, Vidyanagari, Mumbai – 400 098.

• Syllabus
• EARLY FORTIFIED TOWNS IN INDIA AND THEIR TOWN PLANNING
• Origin and Development of Concept of Fort and Fortified Towns
• Kautilya’s Arthashastra and Forts and Fortified towns
• Types of Urban Settlements and their classification
• Pataliputra and Shishupalgad
• FORT ARCHITECTURE IN INDIA, CHANGING WAR TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT ON THEIR ARCHITECTURE
• Types of Forts as seen in Indian literary sources: Adnyapatra
• Pre Mughal Forts and fortified cities in India: Delhi, Devagiri and Vijayanagara (Hampi)
• Mughal and their contemporary Forts and fortified cities in India: Fatehpur Sikri and Jaisalmer
• PRE MARATHA DECCAN FORTS AND MARATHA FORTS
• Pre Maratha Forts and fortified cities in Deccan: Ahmadnagar, Bijapur and Golkonda
• Maratha Forts: Raigad and Rajgad
• Sea Forts in Western India: Janjira (Murud) and Sindhudurga (Malvan)
• FORTS IN MEDIEVAL PERIOD
• Forts in Rajputana
• Forts in Sultanate Period
• Forts in Mughal Period
• FORTS BUILT BY WESTERN COLONISTS
• Forts built by Portugese
• Forts built by British
• Forts built by French, Dutch
• TAXONOMY OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS
• Language :English
• Duration :1 year
• On Sundays only
• Time :10 AM to 1 PM
• Fee :10000/-
• Commencing from July 2023
• Venue :Health Centre Bldg, Vidyanagari, University of Mumbai, Mumbai – 400 098.
• PLANT TAXONOMY
• TOPICS
• Introduction :
• Taxonomy and Systematic Botany
• Taxonomy and its Significance. Opportunities offered by Taxonomy
• Its dependence on other branches of Botany such as Morphology, Anatomy, Embryology, Cytology, Ecology and Palaeobotany.
• Principles of Taxonomy :-
  Classification :-Categories : i) Major ii) Minor iii) Intraspecific
• History of Classification : Periods :(a) Classification based on Habits (Morphology)(b) Classification based on Number (Artificial)(c) Classification based on Relationships (Natural)(d) Classification based on Phylogeny (Evolution)
• Systems of Classification :(a) Old :- Theophrastus, Aristotle, Lamarck etc. (b) General Classification of Plant Kingdom: Vedic reference, Chinese, Egyptian , Assyrian Aztecs etc.(c) New:- Bentham and Hooker, Engler & Prantl, Rendle, Bessey, Hutchinson, Takhtajian, Cronquist.
• PLANT NOMENCLATURE :
• Rules of Nomenclature (a) Vedic period (b) Western old period
• Knowledge of International code of Botanical nomenclature:Paris Code, Rochester Code, Vienna Code, American Code and present ones.
• PLANT IDENTIFICATION : METHODS:(a) Pre-identified material for comparison (b) Herbarium and its techniques (c) Literature and Botanical Gardens
• KEY PREPARATION AND USE :Knowledge of Flora
• PRACTICAL STUDIES :Families of Flowering plants :- Available in and around Mumbai. (Angiosperms and Gymnosperms) and Floral Formulae.Families of Non-flowering plants – Algae, Fungi, Lichens, Bryophytes and Pteridophytes. PLANT BIODIVERISTY AND PHYTOGEOGRAPHY :(a) Significance of Biodiversity (b) Importance of Biodiversity(c) Reasons for loss of Biodiversity(d) Conservation practices :- in situ conservation, ex situ conservation, Gene Banks.(e) Experimental taxonomy & Biosystematics (f) Genetic bar code for every plant species :- To develop DNA bar coding as scientific tool for confirming identification of species and to put that tool to work for both Science and Society.
• FIELD WORK AND PROJECTS : Type of Projects :(a) Creative projects eg. Charts, Models etc.(b) Collection projects eg. Information regarding Herbaria, Botanic Gardens, Scientists (connected with Taxonomic work).(c) Survey project : eg. Survey of plants of a given area.(d) Research type of projects : Topics related to helping in identification and classification of Plants (Trichomes, Pollen, seed germination, Leaf Structure) (a) Preparation of material depicting morphological parameters such as Leaf forms, Canopy shapes, Basic bark pattern by impression techniques and photographs.
• KNOWLEDGE OF BOTANICAL TERMS WITH ILLUSTRATIONS :
• VISUALS :-
• BBC Film. David Attenborough (Plant & Animal Science)
• Biology: An Environmental Approach : Diversity Among Living things John Murray, Albemarle Street, London.
• National Geographic Films.
• ANIMAL TAXONOMY
• – Evolution & Phylogeny
  – Origin of Species & the Geological Time Scale
• The Principles of Classification
• a) Purpose of Classification
• b) Significance of Taxonomy & Opportunities offered
• c) History of Classification
• d) Basics of Animal Classification- Number of Animal species (Comparative Analysis)- Population, Genera, species- Homology and Analogy – Similarity in origin and similarity in use.- Types of Symmetry and the Axes, planes and region in animal bodiese)
• e) Different concepts of classification based on: – Morphology, Anatomy, Genetics, Molecular, Behaviour
• f) Phylogeny and Taxonomy- Cladistic (Phylogenetic) Systematics- Phenetic Systematics
• g) Rules of Nomenclature: Procedure of Naming an animal- Common or Regional names- Scientific names
• h) Bio-geography (Zoogeography) – Realms, Distributions, Migrations
• i) Important Animal Taxonomists/Evolutionary Biologists: Charles Darwin, Gregor Mendel, Smith (Fauna of British India), Boulanger, Alfred Russell Wallace, Carl Linnaeus (?), Russel, et al.
• j) Life Cycles of select animals
• k) Life History Strategies
• l) Taxidermy, Collection & Animal Preservation
• m) Dissection for Taxonomic Identification
• n) Chemotaxonomy
• o) Familiarisation & Use of Keys for identification
• General Characteristics
• a) General Chart of Classification
• b) General Characteristics of all Phyla in Evolutionary Hierarchy- Palaeozoology (Evolutionary aspect)- Protozoa, Metazoa, Parazoa- Incomplete & Complete Digestive Tract
  – Number of germ layers- Coelom: Types, Haemocoel & Pseudocoel- Chordata, Non-Chordata
  – Segmentation- Appendages & Locomotion- Selection
  – Sex & Embryonic Development, Larvae- Behaviour
• Classification of Animals
• a) Phylum Protozoa
• b) Phylum Porifera
• c) Phylum Coelenterata
• d) Phylum Platyhelminthes
• e) Phylum Nematoda
• f) Miscellaneous Phyla
• g) Phylum Annelida
• h) Phylum ArthropodaClass Insecta – BeetlesAnts Butterflies & Moths Class Arachnida – ScorpionsSpiders
• i) Phylum Mollusca
• j) Phylum Echinodermata
• k) Phylum Chordata (Lower Chordates)
• l) Class Cyclostomata
• m) Class Chondrichthyes
• n) Class Osteicthyes
• o) Class Amphibia
• p) Class Reptilia- Geckos, Lizards, Tortoises & Turtles- Snakes
• q) Class Aves-Warblers/Birds of Prey
• r) Class Mammalia-Bats
• The meaning of the scientific terms to be provided, wherever possible.Behavioural pattern of at least few animals to be explained.
• Systematics & Modern Biology
• – Cloning, Hybridisation, Forensics
• – DNA Fingerprinting, Chromatography (Bile Acids)
• – In vitro Fertilisation & Gene Banks (Cryogenics)
• Conservation & Taxonomy
• – Protected Area Network
• – Endangered & Extinct Species (IUCN Red list)
• – Trade (Skin, Fur, Bones) & Consumption of Wild Animals Classwork
• – Some simple Exercises in Taxonomy
• Note:Number of hours shown will be common for the theory and practicals.

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Certificate Course in Astronomical Calculations

***Admission Open Now***

Number of hours: 30

Number of session: 20 (Online Lectures)

Assignmet Lectures will be offline once a month

On Monday and Friday Only

Fee: Rs.3500/-

Time: 7.00 PM to 8.30 PM

Venue: Health Centre Bldg., 2nd Floor, Vidyanagari, Mumbai – 400 098.

Syllabus

Learning Outcomes:

After completing this course, learner will be able to:

1) specify coordinates of any celestial body at given time and place

2) convert given celestial coordinates to convenient form for astronomer

3) use Kepler equations to predict motion of planets and comets

4) explain orbital elements of celestial bodies

5) calculate probability of eclipses under various celestial conditions

6) predict future eclipses from given place and time

Spherical Trigonometry: (8 sessions, total 12 hours)

• Triangles on celestial sphere
• Sine rule, cosine rule, four parts formula
• Equatorial coordinate system (Right Ascension, Declination)
• Ecliptic coordinate system (Celestial longitude, Celestial latitude)
• Hybrid coordinate system (Hour Angle, Declination)
• Local observer system (Azimuth, Zenith angle)
• Conversion formula using spherical trigonometry

Eccentric orbit (6 sessions, total 9 hours)

• Geometry of ellipse
• Kepler equations
• Calculations of true anomaly
• Orbital elements
• Problems of cometary paths

Lunar orbit and eclipses (6 sessions, total 9 hours)

• Precession of nodes
• Type of months
• Intercalary month calculation
• Eclipse seasons
• Metonic cycle
• Saros
• Ecliptic limits – major and minor

Mode of Assessment:

1. Regular submission of assignments – 25%
2. Presenting an mathematical model for given astronomical situation – 25%
3. Quiz and test – 50%
4. Passing criterion: scoring 50% and above

Certificate Course in Epigraphy

***Admission Open Now***

Medium:EnglishNext Batch : September 2023

On Sundays Only

Fee:6000/-

Time: 10.30 AM to 1.00 PM

Venue: Health Centre Bldg., 2nd Floor, Vidyanagari, Mumbai – 400 098.

1. This course will dwell on the basics of Epigraphy, learning scripts, paleography and its methods of documenting, reading, interpreting, conserving and preserving them. It will also examine the various conventions that have evolved in the last two centuries of the discipline. It will also examine definitions of various terms that are used among epigraphists to communicate with each other and used in publications. Additionally, it will try to connect the discipline with other allied disciplines of Numismatics, Cultural Studies and History for maximizing the potential as a scientific discipline. The course will cover vast ground beginning with the first antiquarian approaches, reading, interpreting, place name studies, cultural studies, sitestudies of Epigraphy as an independent discipline in its own right. It will also look extensively at the historiography of the discipline in India. Each Topic in the syllabus would require approximately two hours of teaching.
2. Class methodology
3. It will involve teaching-learning for two hours per lecture. Total sixteen Lectures and thirty two teaching-learning hours.
4. The self-study component will include basic field/museum visits followed by report, the writing of class-based projects and other essays.
5. The course shall comprise of the following Topics:
6. Introduction to Epigraphy
7. Types of Inscriptions
8. Inscriptions as a source of History
9. Historiography of Epigraphy
10. Eras & conversions
11. Scripts-Brahmi
12. Kharoshthi
13. Granth
14. Sharada
15. Newari
16. Modi
17. Case Studies / Site – Brihadishwara Rajaraja Temple Inscriptions
18. Women in Inscriptions
19. Inscriptions in Forts
20. Inscriptions on coins